The flag of the Bastar State is of two vertical parts, blue and white. On the dividing line the trident of Shiva is placed in the inverted colors. In the canton there is a crescent moon facing the fly. Link

During 1919 the Hindi weekly Sankulp was produced by the Marathi nationalist to promote the views of Tilak while Karmaveer was produced by the Hindi nationalists to promote the views of Gandhi. Makhanlal Chaturvedi was the editor of the Karmaveer.

Born in 1889, E. Raghavendra Rao studied law at Oxford University and got admitted in Bilaspur Bar in 1914. He was a leader of Swaraj Party and later founded Independent Congress Party in 1926. He became the Chief Minister of CP and Berar in 1927-28 and Acting Governor of CP and Berar in 1936.

He was the Adviser Secretary of State London in 1939 and went on to be included in the Viceroy’s Executive Council in charge of Civil Defence in 1941. He died on 15 June 1942 in New Delhi.

Tax-Revenue-Composition-CG-Budget-2021-22

Ludeg (Jashpur) is known as the tomato capital in Chhattisgarh.

The SECR zone comprises Nagpur, Raipur and Bilaspur Divisions headquartered at Bilaspur.
Jagdalpur Railway Station falls under Vishakhapatnam Division in East Coast Railways.

Mahendra Sen of Vakataka Dynasty (Ruler of Kosal) and Vyaghraj of Nala Dynasty (Ruler of Mahakantar) were defeated by Samudragupta of Gupta Dynasty during 3-4 Century AD. It was mentioned in Prayag Inscription (Prashasti), composed in Sanskrit by court poet Harisena on the Ashokan Rock Edict brought from Kosambi.

Chhattisgarh was so far removed from the invasion route between north and south India, therefore it never saw any Muslim attack. However, the plains of Chhattisgarh lay directly on the route between the Nagpur base of the expansionist Maratha Bhonsla kings and the wealthy coastal plains of Odisha and Bengal; and experienced Maratha attack.

Mensel, the British Resident took the administration in his own hands after the time of the death of Raghuji III on 11th December 1853. Governor General Lord Dalhousie rejected the right of the king to adopt a child under ‘Doctrine of Lapse’ and took over the kingdom on 13th August, 1854.

Event related with Buddha and their Symbols:
Buddha’s Birth: Lotus & Bull
The Great Departure (Mahabhinishkramana): Horse
Enlightment (Nirvana ): Bodhi Tree
First Sermon (Dhammachakraparivartan): Wheel
Death (Parinirvana): Stupa

The Mahamastabhisheka is an important Jain festival held once every twelve years in the town of Shravanabelagola in Karnataka state, India. The festival is held in veneration of Gomateshwara Bahubali, the son of Rishabhanatha, the first tirthankara of Jainism.

Each spoke out of 24 spokes in the Dharmachakra depicts one hour of the day, portraying the prevalence of righteousness, all 24 hours of it.

The book-The Indian War of Independence, was influenced by histories of the French Revolution and the American Revolution. Additionally, Karl Marx had published a short article named “The Indian Revolt” in the New-York Tribune in 1857 and later went on to write the book “The First Indian War of Independence 1857-58” in the coming years. Savarkar published his book later in 1909.

Shankaran Nair resigned from the membership of the Viceroy’s Executive Council as a protect against Jallianwala Bagh Massacre on April 13, 1919.

Gandhi was opposed to Indian involvement in the war as he would not morally endorse a war – he also suspected British intentions, believing that the British were not sincere about Indian aspirations for freedom.
But Rajagopalachari, along with support from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Maulana Azad and Jawaharlal Nehru held talks with Cripps and offered full support in return for immediate self-government, and eventual independence.

The Sports Ministry has permitted the inclusion of four indigenous Games to be a part of Khelo India Youth Games 2021: Gatka, Kalaripayattu, Thang-Ta and Mallakhamba.

Major Dhyan Chand Sport Jewel Award, formerly known as the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in Sports and Games, is the highest sporting honour of India.
2021 Awardees:
Neeraj Chopra Athletics
Ravi Kumar Dahiya Freestyle wrestling
Lovlina Borgohain Boxing
P. R. Sreejesh Hockey
Avani Lekhara Paralympic shooting
Sumit Antil Para-athletics
Pramod Bhagat Para-badminton
Krishna Nagar Para-badminton
Manish Narwal Paralympic shooting
Mithali Raj Cricket
Sunil Chhetri Football
Manpreet Singh Hockey

Chhattisgarh began playing in Indian domestic tournaments including the Ranji Trophy from the 2016–17 season. The team is managed by Chhattisgarh State Cricket Sangh which was granted the full-member status by the Board of Control for Cricket in India in February 2016.

The team made its first-class cricket debut in Group C of the 2016–17 Ranji Trophy against Tripura on 6 October 2016 and won the match by nine wickets.

Sainik School Ambikapur started functioning with effect from 1st September 2008. The Sainik Schools are a system of schools in India conceived in 1961 by V. K. Krishna Menon, the then Defence Minister of India.

The 1,830 metre long bridge constructed on Raigarh-Pusour-Saria (Nadigaon) road in Surajgarh (Raigarh District) is the longest bridge of Chhattisgarh on river Mahanadi.

Recently the ‘National Tiger Conservation Authority’ (NTCA) approved the proposal of Chhattisgarh government to declare the combined areas of Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary as Tiger Reserve. It provides a corridor for movement of tigers between Bandhavgarh and Palamu Tiger Reserves.

All are correct.

Varrier Elvin wrote many books on tribals. In the book The Gaur, he called the dance form of Muriya tribe, the most beautiful dance in the world.

Dr Radheshyam Barle is a Panthi folk dancer and was awarded Padma Sri for his contribution in the field of art in 2021.

Khudiya Rani Temple is situated in Pathalgaon (Jashpur) on a hill cave where the Korwa tribe is believed to be originated from.

Ghanshyam Singh Gupt- Born in Durg, from 31 April 1937 to 1952 he was the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of CP and Berar. Also he was the Chairman of the Hindi Draft Committee of the Constitution in the Constituent Assembly.

She formed Maa Bamleshwari Janhit Kare Samiti, known for her efforts towards the development of economically and socially backward women of Chhattisgarh. She was honoured with Padma Shri in 2012. She hails from Rajnandgaon district.

Ms Teejan Bai was awarded Padma Vibhushan in 2019 Art-Vocals-Folk field. She is the proponent of Pandavani, literally means stories of Pandavas and involves enacting and singing with instrumental accompaniment an ektara or a tambura in one hand and sometimes a kartal in another. She won Padma Shree in 1988, Padma Bhushan in 2003.

The first cow sanctuary of Chhattisgarh is situated at Jhalam Village in Bemetara District.

The Global Warming Potential (GWP) was developed to allow comparisons of the global warming impacts of different gases. Specifically, it is a measure of how much energy the emissions of 1 ton of a gas will absorb over a given period of time, relative to the emissions of 1 ton of carbon dioxide (CO2).

Methane (CH4) is estimated to have a GWP of 28–36 over 100 years. The GWPs for Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), can be in the thousands or tens of thousands.

An ecotone is an area that acts as a boundary or a transition between two ecosystems.
Niche refers to the unique functional role and position of a species in its habitat or ecosystem. A niche is unique for a species while many species share the habitat.

States with two capitals-summer and winter:
Maharashtra: Mumbai, Nagpur
Uttarakhand: Gairsain, Dehradun
Himachal Pradesh: Shimla, Dharamsala
J&K UT: Srinagar,Jammu
Ladakh UT: Leh,Kargil
News: Andhra Pradesh declared 3 capitals at Amravati, Vishakhapatanam and Kurnool, but SCRAPPED later.

Since the atmosphere is warmed from the ground up, and since the air is at its most dense near the surface of the earth, the air near the surface is going to be able to retain much more heat than the air at higher elevations due to the increased amounts of air molecules; higher elevations have fewer air molecules and consequently can’t retain as much heat.

Top five area-wise Lok Sabha constituencies: Ladakh (173,266 sq km), Barmer (71,601 sq km), Kutch (41,644 sq km), Arunachal West (40,572 sq km) and Arunachal East (39,749 sq km).
Chandani Chauk is the smallest constituency by area followed by Kolkata North West, Mumbai South.

Under Universal (Sarvabhaum) PDS Scheme, about 96 percent of the population is covered with BPL receiving rice at Rs 1 per kg while APL receiving rice at Rs 10 per kg.

9 Important places of the Ramayana Period in Chhattisgarh have been identified and being developed under Ram Vangaman Paryatan Paripath Yojana (Popularly Ram Vangaman Marg):
1. Sitamarhi-Harchauka (Koriya)
2. Ramgarh (Surguja)
3. Shivrinarayan (Janjgir-Champa)
4. Turturia (Baloda Bazar)
5. Chandkhuri (Raipur)
6. Rajim (Gariaband)
7. Sihava (Dhamtari)
8. Jagdalpur
9. Ramaram (Sukma)

Expending Sanjeevani Sahayata Kosh, CM Baghel has started Mukhyamantri Vishesh Swashthya Sahayata Yojana on 1 Jan 2020. It can be availed for treatment of serious and rare diseases up to maximum amount of 20 Lakh.

State Emblem Chhattisgarh
The emblem is a circular seal depicting the Lion Capital of Ashoka encircled by ears of rice (golden).
Below the capital are:
Three wavy lines (tricolor) in the colours of the Indian national flag, which represent the rivers of the state,
Flanked by two lightning bolts (blue) which represent as Energy Surplus State.
The whole emblem is surrounded by 36 fortifications (red) representing the 36 fortresses after which the state is named.

Yielding the floor- The speaker can ask a member of the house to stop speaking and let another member speak.
Decorum- Maintaining proper behaviour in the house.
Interpellation- Demanding that a government official explains some act or policy.
Crossing the floor- Passing between the member in possession of the House and the Chair. To cross the floor, is a breach of Parliamentary etiquette.

Article 352: Proclamation of Emergency
(3) The President shall not issue a Proclamation under clause (I) or a Proclamation varying such Proclamation unless the decision of the Union Cabinet (that is to say, the Council consisting of the Prime Minister and other Ministers of Cabinet rank under Article 75) that such a Proclamation may be issued has been communicated to him in writing.

91st Amendment (2003): This Article provides that the total number of Ministers, including the Prime Minister, in the Council of Ministers shall not exceed fifteen per cent of the total number of members of the House of the People.

Constitution Part IVA (Art 51A) enumerates 11 fundamental duties (last added in 2002), inspired from Russia
They are reminders to the citizens about moral and civic duties they owe towards the nation, while enjoying their rights.
http://cgcompetitionpoint.in/2019/01/18/fundamental-duties/

As a banker of banks, RBI:

Enables smooth and swift clearing and settlements of inter-bank transactions
Enables banks to maintain their accounts with RBI for statutory reserve requirements (SLR) and maintenance of transaction balances
Acts as lender of last resort: In case of a crisis, it stands by the commercial banks as a guarantor and extends loans to ensure the solvency of the latter.

BHIM allow users to send or receive money to or from UPI payment addresses, or to non-UPI based accounts (by scanning a QR code with account number and IFSC code or MMID (Mobile Money Identifier) Code).

An MICR code is a 9-digit code printed on cheques using MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition technology) that uniquely identifies the bank and branch participating in an Electronic Clearing System (ECS).

If there is a devaluation of the currency, the price of imported goods increases and therefore the quantity demanded of imports in the country falls. However, the exported items would be cheaper in the foreign nations and therefore, more demand would boost export.

The maximum density of water occurs at 4 °C because, at this temperature two opposing effects are in balance.

Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide while ocean takes up carbon dioxide through photosynthesis by plant-like organisms (phytoplankton), as well as by reacting of carbon dioxide with seawater, creating carbonic acid.

A satellite maintains its orbit by balancing two factors: its velocity (the speed it takes to travel in a straight line) and the gravitational pull that Earth has on it. A satellite orbiting closer to the Earth requires more velocity to resist the stronger gravitational pull.

Article 243J. Audit of accounts of Panchayats.- The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions with respect to the maintenance of accounts by the Panchayats and the auditing of such accounts.

When any agent of candidate challenges identity of any voter, the presiding officer holds probe and the challenge does not hold ground, then the voter can vote.
In case, the challenge is proven, then elector can be denied and a written complaint will be lodged against elector with police station.

All are correct if taken in sequence.

Sec 6 of The Chhattisgarh Panchayat Raj Adhiniyam, 1993:
Meeting of Gram Sabha:
(1) There shall be held at least one meeting of the Gram Sabha in every three months
(2) Not less than one-tenth of the total number of members of the Gram Sabha shall form a quorum for a meeting of Gram Sabha out of which not less than one-third shall be women members. [The Sarpanch & Panch shall be responsible for the quorum of the meetings of the Gram Sabha for their constituencies as the case may be;]

(3) It shall be the responsibility of the Sarpanch to convene the meeting of the Gram Sabha at regular intervals as specified under this Act and in case of his failure to do so, he shall be disqualified for holding the post of Sarpanch.
[Provided that in case of absence of quorum in three consecutive meetings of the Gram Sabha, notice shall be served on the Panch/Sarpanch and two more opportunities shall be provided to him to fulfill quorum in the next two meetings of the Gram Sabha. In case of failure to do so, proceedings shall be initiated for removal of the office bearer]

Babur introduced mobile cannons to conquest in the First Battle of Panipat, fought between Babur and Ibrahim Lodi on 20-21 April, 1526.

Dadabhai presented to the British people the “Drain Theory”, which put before them the facts and figures illustrating systematic bleeding of the wealth and resources of India.

On October 12, 2021, Chhattisgarh Governor Anusuiya Uikey administered the oath to Justice Arup Kumar Goswami as the 14th Chief Justice of the Chhattisgarh High Court.

Under this new scheme, govt. will provide financial assistance of Rs. 6,000 per year to landless families who carries out farming activities.

According to the India State of Forest Report 2021 (17th ISFR) Indravati reserves has shown an increase in forest cover.

It was awarded as the best Chhattisgarhi Film at the 67th National Film Awards. It is diercted by Manoj Verma, a well-known director of Chhattisgarhi cinema. Actor Omkar Das Manikpuri has worked in this. The music of the title song of this film is given by Kailash Kher.

A seminal track from NZ’s Wigmore’s fourth album, Ivory, Girl Gang was officially announced as the song of the CWC22 at an event at Mt Maunganui Beach. New Zealand will host the ICC Women’s World Cup for the third time

Captain J. C. Blunt was the first British officer to use ‘Chhattisgarh’ officially in his travelogue in Bilaspur Gazetteer in 1795.
In 15th Century, the court poet of Khairagarh Kingdon Dalpatrai Rao first used the term in his poetic literature.
In 17th Century, the court poet of Ratanpur Kingdom Golal Kavi has used the term in his writing Khoobtamasha.

On 15th Aug. 1947 first Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh Pt. Ravishankar Shukla hoisted national flag on the Sitabardi fort at capital Nagpur.

Tricolour hoisting in Bilaspur (August 15, 1947) – Ramgopal Tiwari

On 15th Aug. 1947 in Raipur at 7.35 am R. K. Patil (food minister) hoisted flag in police line.

Pt Madhav Rao Sapre is known as the father of journalism in Chhattisgarh. Chhattisgarh Mitra (1900 AD) was the first newspaper of Chhattisgarh which was published weekly and Mahakoshal (1937 AD) was weekly newspaper which later became daily under Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla in 1951 AD.

1. Vithal Dinkar: 1790-96, European visitor Mr Blunt visited during his time
2. Keshav Govind: 1797-1801, European visitor Kolbrook visited during his time
3. Bikaji Gopal: Subsidiary Alliance between Britisha and Maratha during his time
4. Mahipatrao Dinkar: 1787-90, European visitor Forester visited during his time

Chhattisgarh State Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Caste Development Department is the Nodal Department & Chhattisgarh State Minor Forest Produce (Trading & Development) Co-operative Federation Ltd. is the State Procurement Agency (SPA) for this scheme.

It was 22.59% according to 2011 census.

An international day for yoga was declared unanimously by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA).The Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in his UN address suggested the date of 21 June, as it is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere and shares a special significance in many parts of the world.

Caves in Chhattisgarh:
Jogi Cave: Kanker
Arjungarh Cave: Shankargarh, Balrampur
Singhanpur Cave: Raigarh
Kabra Pahar: Raigarh
Aranyak Cave: Bastar
Kotamsar Cave: Bastar
Kailash Cave: Kanger Valley, Bastar
Jogimara Cave: Ramgarh Surguja
Mandeep Khol: Thakurtola, Rajnandgaon
Sita Bengra Cave: Ramgarh Surguja

Urban population percentages (Census 2011):
Goa: 62.17%
Maharashtra: 45.23%
Mizoram: 51.51%
Kerala: 47.72%
Chhattisgarh: 23.24%

There are four types of natural silk which are commercially known and produced in the world. Among them mulberry silk is the most important and contributes as much as 90 per cent of world production. Three other commercially important types fall into the category of non-mulberry silks namely: Eri silk; Tasar silk; and Muga silk.

The Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC) envisages to strengthen and institutionalise the mechanism of maintaining financial stability, financial sector development, inter-regulatory coordination along with monitoring macro-prudential regulation of economy. The Union Finance Minister of India is the chairperson of it with members from economic regulators like RBI, SEBI, IRDA, etc.

The Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC) envisages to strengthen and institutionalise the mechanism of maintaining financial stability, financial sector development, inter-regulatory coordination along with monitoring macro-prudential regulation of economy. The Union Finance Minister of India is the chairperson of it with members from economic regulators like RBI, SEBI, IRDA, etc.

COVAXIN®, India’s indigenous COVID-19 vaccine by Bharat Biotech is developed in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) – National Institute of Virology (NIV).

Bharthari Folksongs are based on the separation of king Bhrathari and queen Pingla which is sung with Sarangi or Ektara.

In 1861, Central Province was formed with Nagpur and Sagar Narmada Areas. In 1862, Chhattisgarh was made a separate Division of Nagpur Area with Raipur, Bilaspur and Sambalpur Districts. Bastar region was included in Godavari Division. The headquarters of Central Provinces was at Nagpur and was headed by a Chief Commissioner.

Mahipal Dev: 1800-1842
Bhupal Dev: 1842-53
Bhairam Dev: 1853-91
Rudrapratap Dev: 1891-1921

Sharabhpuriya

Eb river stems from the Khurja hills of the Pandrapata place located in Jashpur district. It is a major tributary of the Mahanadi river. J

The average population density at national level was 382 persons per sq km while in Chhattisgarh, it was only 189. Janjgir-Champa had a density of 421 persons per sq km.

Govt of India Act 1935: Elaborate responsible governance, culmination of Simon Commission Report, Round Table Conference

• All India Federation established consisting of provinces and princely states
• Divided the powers in terms of Federal List, Provincial List and Concurrent List with Residuary powers to the Viceroy (Federation never came as Princely states disagreed)
• Abolished dyarchy in the provinces, governor was to act on the advice of ministers
• Recommended Dyarchy for the center (not implemented)
• Separate electorate for depressed classes (SCs) and women and workers
• Federal and Provincial Public Service Commissions, RBI, Federal Court established

Though the expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India is not submitted to the vote of Parliament but it can be discussed in the House.
Article 114 declares that no money shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of India except under appropriation made by law passed; hence Appropriation Bill provides legal authority.

Starred Questions:
These are Questions to which answers are desired to be given orally on the floor of the House during the Question Hour. These are distinguished in the printed lists by asterisks.
Unstarred Questions:
These are Questions to which written answers are given by Ministers which are deemed to have been laid on the Table of the House at the end of the Question Hour.
Short Notice Questions:
Such questions can be asked orally in the House after the Question Hour or as the first item in the agenda where there is no Question Hour at a notice shorter than that prescribed for Starred and Unstarred Questions. These must relate to a subject-matter considered by the Chairman to be of urgent public importance.

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS:
International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook Global Financial Stability Report
World Bank: Ease of Doing Business World Development Report
UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development): World Investment Report
World Economic Forum: Global Competitiveness Report (GCR), Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report, Global Information Technology Report, Global Gender Gap Index

Current Account Deficit (CAD):
CAD = Trade Deficit (X-M) + Net Income from Abroad + Net transfers

Higher interest rates will increase the cost of debt and mortgage repayments and leave people with less money to spend. Therefore, this will reduce their consumption of imports, improving the current account.
Lower wages will reduce costs of production and improve competitiveness and export would increase.

Barrel (bbl) is a unit of volume for crude oil and petroleum products. One barrel equals 42 US gallons or approximately 159 liters.

The 2nd National Tribal Dance Festival organized in Chhattisgarh was organized during 28 October to 30 October 2021 at Science College Ground Raipur.

Harihar Vaishnav was a famous writer from Bastar who died recently 23 Sep 2021. His writings are mainly based on Bastar and its culture.

Mukhyamantri Sugam Sadak Yojana has been initiated to make it easy access to all government buildings and public places in the state. It was launched on 19 June 2020. The implementing department is PWD.

Indo Aryan Group of Languages: It is a branch of the larger Indo European group of languages which came to India with the advent of Aryans. It is the largest language group of India and around 74% Indians speak those languages which belong to this group. This group is mainly divided into three groups:

1. Old Indo Aryan Group \: This group had its development around 1500 BC and Sanskrit was born around this period. The ancient form of sanskrit which is found in vedas, puranas, upanishads etc had emerged from this time. It is a scheduled classical language. One amongst 22 indian languages. It is also known as the mother of Indian languages. The understanding of the diversity and richness of our culture has been possible because of the development of sanskrit language during those time.

2. Middle Indo-Aryan Group (600 BC to 1000 AD):Prakrit was developed during this period. Prakrit was also the mother language for other languages such as Pali, Apabhramsha, Ardha Magadhi. Pali was one of the main language used in Budhist scripts. Buddha himself preached in Pali

3. Modern Indo Aryan Group :The languages belonging to this group are Hindi, assamese, bengali, Guarati, Marathi, Punjabi, Odia, Urdu etc. The language developed under this group are mainly spoken in the northern, western and eastern parts of India.

The Nilgiri (Blue Mountains), often referred to as the Nilgiri Hills, are a range of mountains in the western most part of Tamil Nadu. The Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary is located where the Nilgiri Hills, the offshoot of the Western Ghats meet the Eastern Ghats. Doddabetta is the highest mountain in the Nilgiri Hills, at 2637 metres (8650 feet).

The Luni is a river of western Rajasthan. It originates in the Pushkar valley of the Aravalli Range, near Ajmer and ends in the marshy lands of Rann of Kuth in Gujarat, after traveling a distance of 530 km. It is first known as Sagarmati, then after passing Govindgarh, it meets its tributary Sarsuti, which originates from Pushkar Lake, and from then on it gets its name Luni.

In the event of occurrence of any vacancy in the office of the Chairperson of the State Commission, The Governor can authorize one of the members to act as Chairperson.

Vinesh Phogat is the only woman wrestler from India to have qualified for the Tokyo Olympic Games. She has also clinched the position of world No.1 in international wrestling.

Football star and UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador David Beckham is serving as the Vaccine Ambassador, to create awareness and confidence in the process of vaccination. He has also founded ‘7 Fund for UNICEF’ to encourage parents to vaccinate themselves and their children and protect them against diseases such as diphtheria, measles, and polio.

Jagdalpur (Bastar)

In the year 1930 in Village Themli of Sihawa of Dhamtari 800 cattle were caught by the forest Department for grazing in the reserved forest. They were kept in the Gattasilli Kanji house. Narayan Meghawale, Jagtap and Chhotelal went to Gattasilli with 25 revolutionaries. When the police tired to disperse them they laid on the ground in front of the Kanji House. The police poured boiling water on them but they did not disperse. Finally the administration returned the cattle without payment of any fine.

Chhattisgarh is at the fourth place among the states with the lowest unemployment in the country with 2.1 percent, according to the unemployment data recently released by CMIE. According to the data released by CMIE after studying the situation in December 2021, the lowest unemployment rate in the country has been reported in Karnataka at 1.4 percent and the highest unemployment rate in Haryana at 34.1 percent.

The Kawars trace their origin from the Kauravas of the Mahabharata, who were defeated by the Pandavas at the great battle of Hastinapur. They say that only two pregnant women survived and fled to the hills of Central India, where they took refuge in the houses of a Rawat (grazier) and a Dhobi (washerman) respectively, and the boy and girl children who were born to them became the ancestors of the Kawar tribe.

They derive their name from Paik, a foot-soldier, and formerly followed this occupation, being employed in the armies of the Haihaivansi Rajas of Ratanpur. They still worship a two-edged sword, known as the Jhagra Khand, or ‘Sword of Strife,’ on the day of Dasahra.

Meerabai composed four texts-
Narsi ka Maayra
Geet Govind Teeka
Raga Govind
Raga Sorath ke Pad

Sua is a folk dance performed in Chhattisgarh, exclusively by women, on the occasion of Gaura marriage in the month of October and November. The name sua literarily means parrot. Women also sing Gaura Geet during the occasion.

Pandavani (literally meaning ‘songs of the Pandavas’), is a lyrical folk ballad form that narrates the story of the Pandavas. There are two styles of narration in Pandavani – Vedamati and Kapalik. In the Vedamati style, the lead artist narrates the story in a simple manner, sitting on the floor throughout the performance. The Kapalik style is livelier, with the narrator enacting the incidents and characters.

Section 21. No-confidence motion against Sarpanch and Up-Sarpanch. – (1) On a motion of no-confidence being passed by the Gram Panchayat by a resolution passed by majority of not less than three fourth of Panchas present and voting and such majority is more than two third of the total number of Panchas