Category: Essays
What Makes A ‘Free and Fair’ Election? (EPW Article)
The run-up to the 2019 general elections the ECI faces accusations of inadequate responses to MCC violations and former bureaucrats have written to the President accusing the ECI of a…
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
IMF was conceived at a UN conference in Bretton Woods, in July 1944. That’s why IMF and World Bank are known as Bretton Woods Twins or Institutions. IMF credit has…
Protection of Human Rights Act 1993
It’s an Act to provide for the constitution of a National Human Rights Commission and State Human Rights Commission in States and Human Rights Courts for better protection of Human…
The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (PWDVA), instituted in 2005, is a landmark legislation aimed at protecting women from violence in domestic relationships. It enshrines principles of the Convention on the…
Protection Granted to Females (Constitution, IPC, CrPC)
Constitutional Provisions The Constitution of India not only protects women from exploitation and discrimination but also empowers the State to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favour of women for…
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Atrocity Protection Law 1989
The Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (PoA Act), 1989, also known as the SC/ST Act is enacted to prevent atrocities against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The…
Prevention of Corruption Act 1988
The Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (PC Act) was enacted to prevent corruption in Government departments and to prosecute and punish public servants involved in corrupt practices. The Prevention of Corruption…
Women Empowerment (महिला सशक्तिकरण)
The term “Women Empowerment” refers to empowering women with education, employment, decision making, and better health in view of an equal and just society. Women Empowerment is a process to…
Contribution of Indian Mathematicians
Aryabhata (5th– 6th century AD, Patliputra) 2015 (20’) 2012 (40’) Aryabhata is the author of several treatises on mathematics and astronomy. Some of the important works are Aryabhatiya and Arya-siddhanta. Major Contribution to…