https://dpe.gov.in/about-us/divisions/list-maharatna-navratna-and-miniratna-cpses

https://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationWebflyer.aspx?publicationid=2466

Article 3: Parliament may by law:

(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State (b) increase the area of any State; (c) diminish the area of any State; (d) alter the boundaries of any State; (e) alter the name of any State;

Rs 105,000 Crores

All of these

Law of Inertia

Customs Duty is a tax imposed on imports and exports of goods.

Jagannath Rath Yatra is preceded by Nabakalebara, a ritual that holds a significant place in the existence of Jagannath Temple in Odisha. It is a ritual which involves replacing the existing wooden idols of Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra, their sister Subhadra, and the image of Lord’s Sudarshan Chakra with newly carved ones.

Diclofenac is toxic to vultures even in small doses, causing kidney failure.

A thin layer of silicon

A modem is a device that converts data from digital computer signals to analog signals that can be sent over a phone line. This is called modulation. The analog signals are then converted back into digital data by the receiving modem. This is called demodulation.

Plaster of Paris is a white powdery chemical compound that is hydrated calcium sulphate which is usually obtained from calcining gypsum.

Chromosome Number is the precise number of chromosomes typical for a given species.

The exponent of Lokayata Darshana was ‘Charvak’. ‘Charvaka’ originally known as Lokāyata and Bṛhaspatya, is the ancient school of Indian materialism.

Ramanujacharya, the founder of Vishishtadvaita Vedanta, accused Adi Shankara of being a Prachanna Bauddha, that is, a “crypto-Buddhist”.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_influences_on_Advaita_Vedanta

The Dalit Buddhist movement (also known as the Neo-Buddhist movement) is a religious as well as a socio-political movement among Dalits in India which was started by B. R. Ambedkar. It radically re-interpreted Buddhism and created a new school of Buddhism called Navayana.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalit_Buddhist_movement

Samkara is the most influential philosopher of the Advaita, or nondualistic, school of Vedanta philosophy in India.

http://www.academicjournal.in/archives/2018/vol3/issue3/3-2-306

Abiy Ahmed, the prime minister of Ethiopia, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work in restarting peace talks with neighboring Eritrea and beginning to restore freedoms in his country after decades of political and economic repression.

Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghosh

Radha Krishna Mathur

Jhansi

It was established as Hailey National Park in 1936 and was first renamed Ramganga in the mid-1950s, before the name was changed to Corbett later that decade in memory of Jim Corbett, a well-known British sportsman and writer.

Beijing, China

The Decade was to be succeeded by the Post-2020 Biodiversity Framework, which is itself a stepping stone to the 2050 Vision of “Living in harmony with nature”, which envisages that “By 2050, biodiversity is valued, conserved, restored and wisely used, maintaining ecosystem services, sustaining a healthy planet.

IUCN Red Data Book : Threatened Species Classification
1. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the world’s most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species.
2. The IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity.
3. Threatened species are any species which are vulnerable to extinction in the near future.
4. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) treats threatened species not as a single category, but as a group of three categories: vulnerable, endangered, and critically endangered, depending on the degree to which they are threatened.

The term “Biodiversity” was coined by Walter G. Rosen. Biodiversity or biological diversity is the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level.

Namnuk is the village donated to the Brahmins.

Amended Answer Updates: Scrapped by PSC!

Wali Muhammad

https://bilaspur.gov.in/en/tourist-place/tala/

Amended Answer Updates: Scrapped by PSC!

Amrit Dhara is a natural waterfall located in Manendragarh-Chirmiri-Bharatpur district, state of Chhattisgarh, India. It originates from the Hasdeo River.

1225 meters high Gaur-Lata is the highest peak of Chhattisgarh and according to the geographical structure, it belongs to Pat Pradesh.

Amended Answer Updates: Rewa

It was asked in CGPSC Pre 2018.

Ganga Dussehra, also known as Gangavataran, is a Hindu festival celebrating the avatarana (descent) of the Ganges. It is believed by Hindus that the holy river Ganges descended from heaven to earth on this day.

Ganga Dussehra takes place on Dashami (10th day) of the waxing moon (Shukla Paksha) of the Hindu calendar month Jyeshtha. The festival celebration lasts ten days, including the nine days preceding this holy day.

Chandrahasini Devi Temple is situated in Chandrapur, Janjgir-Champa district of Chhattisgarh; located on the confluence of the Mand and Mahanadi River.

The kitchen of Bhunjia tribes is called as ‘Lal bangla’, which is built by the red mud, where they cook their food, In case if any outsider (other caste) enters the inside of the kitchen even by mistake, then it is set on fire and a fresh one is built.
http://www.sppel.org/bhunjiadoc.aspx

This music festival, is organized by the Ustad Allaudin Khan Sangeet Academy and the Chakradhar Lalit Kala Kendra, to commemorate the memory of Maharaja Chakradhar Singh. This former ruler, a great tabla player and dancer, wrote many books on music and dance. He developed a new form of Kathak and established the Raigarh Gharana.

The Goncha festival, Chhattisgarh is celebrated in the same time as the Ratha Yatra of the Hindus hence it is also called as the Chariot Festival. Goncha Festival, Chhattisgarh is an important festival in Chhattisgarh in which tribal from different parts of Bastar take part in the festivities.

Distribution of primitive tribes in Chhattisgarh
Abujhmaria: 19,401 (Baster, Kanker & Dantewara)
Baiga: 67,241 (Bilaspur, Kawardha, Korba & Durg)
Birhor: 2,626 (Raigarh, Jashpur, Sarguja & Durg)
Pahari Korwa: 34,122 (Jashpur, Sarguja & Korba)
Kamar: 23,033 (Raipur, Dhamtari & Mahasamund)
Source: The Scheduled Tribes of Chhattisgarh, The Institute of Tribal Research and Training Center, Government of Chhattisgarh, Raipur 2008

It was asked in CGPSC Pre 2016. Chhattisgarh Economic Survey 2018-19 page number 84.

Chhattisgarh Economic Survey 2018-19 page number 48.

A distinguishing feature of the Baiga tribe is that their women are famous for sporting tattoos of various kinds on almost all parts of their body. The women who work as tattooing artists belong to the Ojha, Badni and Dewar tribes of Madhya Pradesh are called Godharins.

Chhattisgarh Economic Survey 2018-19 page number 118.

Madhya Pradesh has the highest forest area of 77,414 sq km, followed by Arunanchal Pradesh with 66,964 sq km. Chhattisgarh has 55,547 sq km, followed by Odisha 51,345 sq km.

The RRBs were owned by three entities with their respective shares as follows: Central Government → 50%, State government → 15%, Sponsor bank → 35%

Chhattisgarh Economic Survey 2018-19 page number 180.

Chhattisgarh Economic Survey 2018-19 page number 130.

Tin: Chhattisgarh (100% production from Chhattisgarh)

Chhattisgarh Economic Survey 2018-19 page number 125.

Chhattisgarh Economic Survey 2018-19 page number 90.

Part IXA (Art 243) added via 74th Amendment Act 1992 with a new Twelfth Schedule in the Constitution.

243-ZA: Elections to the Municipalities

https://industries.cg.gov.in/ease_of_doing_business.aspx

News item

News item

Launched by the Hon’ble PM in January 2018, the ‘Transformation of Aspirational Districts’ programme aims to quickly and effectively transform the most underserved 112 districts across India.

10 Districts from Chhattisgarh are covered under the scheme:

Bastar Region: Bastar, Bijapur, Dantewada, Kanker, Kondagaon, Narayanpur, Sukma

Chhattisgarh Plain Region: Korba, Mahasamund, Rajnandgaon

News

News

Further Reading

The accounts of Fa Hien give a contemporary account of the administration of Chandragupta Vikramaditya. Fa Hien mentions about the Chandala, who dwelt apart and they were required to keep a piece of wood as a warning of their approach so that other folk might not get polluted.

Srinatha worked as a minister in the court of Pedakomati Vema Reddy of Kondaveedu. He managed to get his king’s prestigious knife Nandikanta Potaraju Katari which was taken away by Lingamanedu ruler of Devarakanda in return for his literary prowess.

More than half the maize of India is produced in four states of Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Rajasthan. Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer of maize in India.

Gujarat is the largest cotton producing state in India with a production of 125 Lakh Bales.

The leading producer of soybean in India is Madhya Pradesh, followed by Maharashtra and Rajasthan.

Therefore A, B and D are correct. (likely to be scrapped!) PSC took final answer as D.

It was established by Jamnadas Dwarkadas, Purshottamdas Thaukrdass, Cowasji Jehangir, Pheroze Sethna and Setalvad.

Urban population percentages (Census 2011):
Goa: 62.17%
Maharashtra: 45.23%
Mizoram: 51.51%
Kerala: 47.72%
Chhattisgarh: 23.2

The Buckingham Canal is a 796 km long fresh water navigation canal that parallels the Coromandel Coast of South India from Kakinada (AP) to Viluppuram (Tamil Nadu).

xceptions from Defection:

No more protection of split of 1/3 members exempted (91st Amendment 2003 has removed it)
Merger of the party with another political party when at least 2/3 members agree
Presiding officer of the legislature, he voluntarily gives up the membership of his party and rejoins after he seize to hold that office
schedules-of-the-constitution/

Exceptions from Defection:

No more protection of split of 1/3 members exempted (91st Amendment 2003 has removed it)
Merger of the party with another political party when at least 2/3 members agree
Presiding officer of the legislature, he voluntarily gives up the membership of his party and rejoins after he seize to hold that office
schedules-of-the-constitution

Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000 is an Act of the Parliament of India which enabled the creation of Chhattisgarh state out of Madhya Pradesh.

President can establish Inter- State Council (Art 263) for better coordination.

Finance Commission for State:

The act also provides for a Finance Commission for State to be constituted by the Governor after every 5 years
To review the financial position of the Panchayats and municipalities and to recommend the principle of distribution of taxes and grant-in-aids to them by the State.
The Governor is to place the Report of the Commission along with the action taken report before the State Legislature.
The Central Finance Commission also suggests the measures to augment the Consolidated Fund of the State to supplement the resources of Panchayats and municipalities.